Three parallel registers — polite (丁寧語), honorific (尊敬語), and humble (謙譲語) — that you mix together in business, hospitality, and any conversation with a superior. Below: the verb substitutions, the productive patterns, the vocabulary swaps, and the fixed phrases that make up everyday business Japanese.
Click a card to open the full reference. Start with the overview if keigo is new to you, then drill the verb substitution tables.